Sunday, September 23, 2012

Object oriented programing technique to replace if...then...else

If...then...else block could get out of control if used in many levels deep. The block becomes hard to maintain.


Here is one example:
    
static public String handleReturnString2 (String stringData) {
     
     if (stringData==null) {
      return "No handler found!";
     } else if (stringData.contains("ERROR") ) {
      return "Error case handled!";
     } else if (stringData.contains("FAILED") ) {
      return "Failed case handled!";
     } else if (stringData.contains("SKIPPED") ) {
      return "Skipped case handled!";
     } else if (stringData.contains("PASSED") ) {
      return "Passed case handled!";
     }
     
     return "No handler found!";
    }



Here is one way to replace it. There is trick to use Pattern match to replace string.contains():
   

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;


// object oriented way to handle if then else  
public class SwitchOnSubstring {

 // define all ReturnCode enum
 public static enum ReturnCode {
  PASSED, SKIPPED, FAILED, ERROR; 
  
  // build pattern string, for string contains  
  static String getAllStringPattern() {
   StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(16);
   boolean firstone = true;
   for (ReturnCode p : ReturnCode.values()) {
    if (firstone) {
     firstone = false;
    } else {
     sb.append("|");
    }
    sb.append(p.name());
   }
   return sb.toString();
  }
 }
 
 // define handler interface 
 static private interface CaseHandler {
  public String handleReturn ();
 }

 static private class PassedCaseHandler implements CaseHandler {
  public String handleReturn () {
   return "Passed case handled!";
  }
 }


 // default handler
 final private static CaseHandler HandlerNone = new CaseHandler() {
  public String handleReturn () {
   return "No handler found!";
  }
 };
 
 final private static Pattern ReturnCodePattern = Pattern.compile( ReturnCode.getAllStringPattern());
 
 // use java regex to match string containing "PASSED" or "SKIPPED" "FAILED" "ERROR" to enum PASSED, SKIPPED, FAILED, ERROR;
 static private ReturnCode matchStringToReturnCode (String stringData)  {
  String strRequest = null;
  Matcher matcher = ReturnCodePattern.matcher(stringData);
  if (matcher.find()) {
   if (matcher.start()>=0 && matcher.end()>matcher.start()) {
    strRequest = stringData.substring(matcher.start(), matcher.end());
   }
  }
  return  strRequest==null? null : ReturnCode.valueOf(strRequest);
 }

 // setup the map structure to map enum PASSED, SKIPPED, FAILED, ERROR to their corresponding handlers 
 static private Map<ReturnCode, CaseHandler> mapHandlers = new HashMap<ReturnCode, CaseHandler> () {
  private static final long serialVersionUID = -80L;
  {
   // ErrorCaseHandler for string contains "ERROR"
            put(ReturnCode.ERROR , new CaseHandler() {
          public String handleReturn () {
           return "Error case handled!";
          }
         });

   // FailedCaseHandler for string contains "FAILED"
            put(ReturnCode.FAILED , new CaseHandler() {
          public String handleReturn () {
           return "Failed case handled!";
          }
         });

   // SkippedCaseHandler for string contains "SKIPPED"

            put(ReturnCode.SKIPPED , new CaseHandler() {
          public String handleReturn () {
           return "Skipped case handled!";
          }
         });
            
   // PassedCaseHandler for string contains "PASSED"
            put(ReturnCode.PASSED, new CaseHandler() {
          public String handleReturn () {
           return "Passed case handled!";
          }
         });
           
        }
    };


    // main method to handle the string 
    // if string contains PASSED, return PassedCaseHandler's result
    // if string contains ERROR, return ErrorCaseHandler's result
    // if string contains FAILED, return FailedCaseHandler's result
    // if string contains SKIPPED, return SkippedCaseHandler's result
    static public String handleReturnString (String stringData) {
     ReturnCode code = stringData==null ? null : matchStringToReturnCode (stringData);
     CaseHandler handle = ( code==null ) ? HandlerNone : mapHandlers.get(code);
     return handle.handleReturn() ;
    }
    

}



If you want the source, you can get it from github and perform the following step to compile & test:
   

git clone https://github.com/leizou123/SwitchOnSubstring.git

cd SwitchOnSubstring

mvn compile test 

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